Hi
@Ramil Gabdulkhaev, and welcome!
The easiest way would be to put your erased HDD into that spare computer now, if it is available to you. There is really no need to use a Windows PC because you do not use Windows to install Linux.
Simple installation of Linux is done by downloading the distribution (distro) that you choose... the download comes to you in a single .iso file. You burn that .iso file to a DVD or USB using a special technique to make the DVD or USB bootable. Once done, you boot your spare computer on the DVD/USB and go through the install steps, telling the installer to use the entire HDD for Linux. It's usually quite a simple task after you get the .iso properly burned (you don't just "copy" the .iso file.... that will not boot).
If the spare computer is not available and you just want to get the HDD ready for later... I would recommend removing the Windows HDD and replacing it with your newly erased HDD, then follow the same steps I mentioned above. This will totally prevent you from making any mistakes that might cause damage to your Windows drive. After Linux is installed and working, just swap them back out to return to Windows.
Probably the first thing you need to watch for, if you know this... is whether your spare computer has a 32-bit or 64-bit CPU... and how much RAM it has. You want to download the 64-bit Linux distro unless the computer is proven to be 32-bit. How much RAM can influence which distro you choose because some are better suited for older computers with lesser resources.
If your spare computer is relatively newer, you may need to know if it has a UEFI firmware system (UEFI replaced BIOS, but it is still often called BIOS). These computers would have been designed for Windows 8 or newer. Many mainstream Linux distros will work fine with UEFI, but there are a few that have trouble. This isn't likely to be a problem for you, but it could be if you use one computer to install the Linux system and then switch the HDD to another computer, as you say you wish to do.
There are tons of install instructions already available by searching the web, and folks here will help talk you through it too if you run into trouble. Good luck!
