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GITIGNORE(5)                                          Git Manual                                         GITIGNORE(5)



NAME
       gitignore - Specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore

SYNOPSIS
       $GIT_DIR/info/exclude, .gitignore

DESCRIPTION
       A gitignore file specifies intentionally untracked files that Git should ignore. Files already tracked by Git
       are not affected; see the NOTES below for details.

       Each line in a gitignore file specifies a pattern. When deciding whether to ignore a path, Git normally checks
       gitignore patterns from multiple sources, with the following order of precedence, from highest to lowest
       (within one level of precedence, the last matching pattern decides the outcome):

       ·   Patterns read from the command line for those commands that support them.

       ·   Patterns read from a .gitignore file in the same directory as the path, or in any parent directory, with
           patterns in the higher level files (up to the toplevel of the work tree) being overridden by those in
           lower level files down to the directory containing the file. These patterns match relative to the location
           of the .gitignore file. A project normally includes such .gitignore files in its repository, containing
           patterns for files generated as part of the project build.

       ·   Patterns read from $GIT_DIR/info/exclude.

       ·   Patterns read from the file specified by the configuration variable core.excludesfile.

       Which file to place a pattern in depends on how the pattern is meant to be used.

       ·   Patterns which should be version-controlled and distributed to other repositories via clone (i.e., files
           that all developers will want to ignore) should go into a .gitignore file.

       ·   Patterns which are specific to a particular repository but which do not need to be shared with other
           related repositories (e.g., auxiliary files that live inside the repository but are specific to one user’s
           workflow) should go into the $GIT_DIR/info/exclude file.

       ·   Patterns which a user wants Git to ignore in all situations (e.g., backup or temporary files generated by
           the user’s editor of choice) generally go into a file specified by core.excludesfile in the user’s
           ~/.gitconfig. Its default value is $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or
           empty, $HOME/.config/git/ignore is used instead.

       The underlying Git plumbing tools, such as git ls-files and git read-tree, read gitignore patterns specified
       by command-line options, or from files specified by command-line options. Higher-level Git tools, such as git
       status and git add, use patterns from the sources specified above.

PATTERN FORMAT
       ·   A blank line matches no files, so it can serve as a separator for readability.

       ·   A line starting with # serves as a comment. Put a backslash ("\") in front of the first hash for patterns
           that begin with a hash.

       ·   An optional prefix "!" which negates the pattern; any matching file excluded by a previous pattern will
           become included again. If a negated pattern matches, this will override lower precedence patterns sources.
           Put a backslash ("\") in front of the first "!" for patterns that begin with a literal "!", for example,
           "\!important!.txt".

       ·   If the pattern ends with a slash, it is removed for the purpose of the following description, but it would

       ·   A leading slash matches the beginning of the pathname. For example, "/*.c" matches "cat-file.c" but not
           "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".

       Two consecutive asterisks ("**") in patterns matched against full pathname may have special meaning:

       ·   A leading "**" followed by a slash means match in all directories. For example, "**/foo" matches file or
           directory "foo" anywhere, the same as pattern "foo". "**/foo/bar" matches file or directory "bar" anywhere
           that is directly under directory "foo".

       ·   A trailing "/" matches everything inside. For example, "abc/" matches all files inside directory "abc",
           relative to the location of the .gitignore file, with infinite depth.

       ·   A slash followed by two consecutive asterisks then a slash matches zero or more directories. For example,
           "a/**/b" matches "a/b", "a/x/b", "a/x/y/b" and so on.

       ·   Other consecutive asterisks are considered invalid.

NOTES
       The purpose of gitignore files is to ensure that certain files not tracked by Git remain untracked.

       To ignore uncommitted changes in a file that is already tracked, use git update-index --assume-unchanged.

       To stop tracking a file that is currently tracked, use git rm --cached.

EXAMPLES
               $ git status
               [...]
               # Untracked files:
               [...]
               #       Documentation/foo.html
               #       Documentation/gitignore.html
               #       file.o
               #       lib.a
               #       src/internal.o
               [...]
               $ cat .git/info/exclude
               # ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree.
               *.[oa]
               $ cat Documentation/.gitignore
               # ignore generated html files,
               *.html
               # except foo.html which is maintained by hand
               !foo.html
               $ git status
               [...]
               # Untracked files:
               [...]
               #       Documentation/foo.html
               [...]


       Another example:


GIT
       Part of the git(1) suite



Git 1.8.3.1                                           03/23/2016                                         GITIGNORE(5)