NSENTER(1) User Commands NSENTER(1)
NAME
nsenter - run program with namespaces of other processes
SYNOPSIS
nsenter [options] [program [arguments]]
DESCRIPTION
Enters the namespaces of one or more other processes and then executes the specified program. Enterable
namespaces are:
mount namespace
Mounting and unmounting filesystems will not affect the rest of the system (CLONE_NEWNS flag), except
for filesystems which are explicitly marked as shared (with mount --make-shared; see /proc/self
/mountinfo for the shared flag).
UTS namespace
Setting hostname or domainname will not affect the rest of the system. (CLONE_NEWUTS flag)
IPC namespace
The process will have an independent namespace for System V message queues, semaphore sets and shared
memory segments. (CLONE_NEWIPC flag)
network namespace
The process will have independent IPv4 and IPv6 stacks, IP routing tables, firewall rules, the /proc
/net and /sys/class/net directory trees, sockets, etc. (CLONE_NEWNET flag)
PID namespace
Children will have a set of PID to process mappings separate from the nsenter process (CLONE_NEWPID
flag). nsenter will fork by default if changing the PID namespace, so that the new program and its
children share the same PID namespace and are visible to each other. If --no-fork is used, the new
program will be exec'ed without forking.
user namespace
The process will have a distinct set of UIDs, GIDs and capabilities. (CLONE_NEWUSER flag)
See clone(2) for the exact semantics of the flags.
If program is not given, then ``${SHELL}'' is run (default: /bin/sh).
OPTIONS
-t, --target pid
Specify a target process to get contexts from. The paths to the contexts specified by pid are:
/proc/pid/ns/mnt the mount namespace
/proc/pid/ns/uts the UTS namespace
/proc/pid/ns/ipc the IPC namespace
/proc/pid/ns/net the network namespace
/proc/pid/ns/pid the PID namespace
/proc/pid/ns/user the user namespace
/proc/pid/root the root directory
/proc/pid/cwd the working directory respectively
-m, --mount[=file]
Enter the mount namespace. If no file is specified, enter the mount namespace of the target process.
If file is specified, enter the mount namespace specified by file.
-p, --pid[=file]
Enter the PID namespace. If no file is specified, enter the PID namespace of the target process. If
file is specified, enter the PID namespace specified by file.
-U, --user[=file]
Enter the user namespace. If no file is specified, enter the user namespace of the target process. If
file is specified, enter the user namespace specified by file. See also the --setuid and --setgid
options.
-G, --setgid gid
Set the group ID which will be used in the entered namespace and drop supplementary groups. nsenter(1)
always sets GID for user namespaces, the default is 0.
-S, --setuid uid
Set the user ID which will be used in the entered namespace. nsenter(1) always sets UID for user
namespaces, the default is 0.
--preserve-credentials
Don't modify UID and GID when enter user namespace. The default is to drops supplementary groups and
sets GID and UID to 0.
-r, --root[=directory]
Set the root directory. If no directory is specified, set the root directory to the root directory of
the target process. If directory is specified, set the root directory to the specified directory.
-w, --wd[=directory]
Set the working directory. If no directory is specified, set the working directory to the working
directory of the target process. If directory is specified, set the working directory to the specified
directory.
-F, --no-fork
Do not fork before exec'ing the specified program. By default, when entering a PID namespace, nsenter
calls fork before calling exec so that any children will also be in the newly entered PID namespace.
-Z, --follow-context
Set the SELinux security context used for executing a new process according to already running process
specified by --target PID. (The util-linux has to be compiled with SELinux support otherwise the option
is unavailable.)
-V, --version
Display version information and exit.
-h, --help
Display help text and exit.
SEE ALSO
setns(2), clone(2)
AUTHORS
Eric Biederman ⟨[email protected]⟩
Karel Zak ⟨[email protected]⟩
AVAILABILITY
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