GIT-LS-FILES(1) Git Manual GIT-LS-FILES(1)
NAME
git-ls-files - Show information about files in the index and the working tree
SYNOPSIS
git ls-files [-z] [-t] [-v]
(--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])*
(-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])*
[-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
[-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
[--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
[--exclude-standard]
[--error-unmatch] [--with-tree=<tree-ish>]
[--full-name] [--abbrev] [--] [<file>...]
DESCRIPTION
This merges the file listing in the directory cache index with the actual working directory list, and shows
different combinations of the two.
One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files shown:
OPTIONS
-c, --cached
Show cached files in the output (default)
-d, --deleted
Show deleted files in the output
-m, --modified
Show modified files in the output
-o, --others
Show other (i.e. untracked) files in the output
-i, --ignored
Show only ignored files in the output. When showing files in the index, print only those matched by an
exclude pattern. When showing "other" files, show only those matched by an exclude pattern.
-s, --stage
Show staged contents' object name, mode bits and stage number in the output.
--directory
If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its name (with a trailing slash) and not its
whole contents.
--no-empty-directory
Do not list empty directories. Has no effect without --directory.
-u, --unmerged
Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
-k, --killed
Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due to file/directory conflicts for checkout-index to
succeed.
-z
--exclude-standard
Add the standard Git exclusions: .git/info/exclude, .gitignore in each directory, and the user’s global
exclusion file.
--error-unmatch
If any <file> does not appear in the index, treat this as an error (return 1).
--with-tree=<tree-ish>
When using --error-unmatch to expand the user supplied <file> (i.e. path pattern) arguments to paths,
pretend that paths which were removed in the index since the named <tree-ish> are still present. Using
this option with -s or -u options does not make any sense.
-t
This feature is semi-deprecated. For scripting purpose, git-status(1)--porcelain and git-diff-
files(1)--name-status are almost always superior alternatives, and users should look at git-
status(1)--short or git-diff(1)--name-status for more user-friendly alternatives.
This option identifies the file status with the following tags (followed by a space) at the start of each
line:
H
cached
S
skip-worktree
M
unmerged
R
removed/deleted
C
modified/changed
K
to be killed
?
other
-v
Similar to -t, but use lowercase letters for files that are marked as assume unchanged (see git-update-
index(1)).
--full-name
When run from a subdirectory, the command usually outputs paths relative to the current directory. This
option forces paths to be output relative to the project top directory.
--abbrev[=<n>]
Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object lines, show only a partial prefix. Non default
number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
--debug
[<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
git ls-files --unmerged and git ls-files --stage can be used to examine detailed information on unmerged
paths.
For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA-1 pair, the index records up to three such pairs;
one from tree O in stage 1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3. This information can be used by the user (or the
porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the path. (see git-read-tree(1) for more information
on state)
When -z option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters in pathnames are represented as \t, \n, and \\,
respectively.
EXCLUDE PATTERNS
git ls-files can use a list of "exclude patterns" when traversing the directory tree and finding files to show
when the flags --others or --ignored are specified. gitignore(5) specifies the format of exclude patterns.
These exclude patterns come from these places, in order:
1. The command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a single pattern. Patterns are ordered in the same
order they appear in the command line.
2. The command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a file containing a list of patterns. Patterns are
ordered in the same order they appear in the file.
3. The command line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies a name of the file in each directory git
ls-files examines, normally .gitignore. Files in deeper directories take precedence. Patterns are ordered
in the same order they appear in the files.
A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read from the file specified with --exclude-from is
relative to the top of the directory tree. A pattern read from a file specified by --exclude-per-directory is
relative to the directory that the pattern file appears in.
SEE ALSO
git-read-tree(1), gitignore(5)
GIT
Part of the git(1) suite
Git 1.8.3.1 03/23/2016 GIT-LS-FILES(1)
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